{"id":1471,"date":"2024-07-21T13:44:52","date_gmt":"2024-07-21T13:44:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/?p=1471"},"modified":"2024-11-29T14:59:12","modified_gmt":"2024-11-29T14:59:12","slug":"reflections-on-the-problem-of-global-warming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/reflections-on-the-problem-of-global-warming\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00davahy k probl\u00e9mu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00davod<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0158ada z n\u00e1s dnes sleduje v\u0161e kolem teorie glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed, vlivu plynu CO2, elektromobility, bezemisn\u00ed energetiky a dal\u0161\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed ot\u00e1zky. Mnoz\u00ed c\u00edt\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed a jejich logika pon\u011bkud kulh\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>J\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1m stroj\u00edrenstv\u00edm a nejsem klimatick\u00fd odborn\u00edk. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b jsem absolvoval \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b v\u0161echny zkou\u0161ky z p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f fyziky a matematiky na vysok\u00e9 \u0161kole \u010cVUT v Praze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozhodl jsem se, \u017ee pop\u00ed\u0161u sv\u00e9 skromn\u00e9 p\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00e9 s touto problematikou a pokus\u00edm se formulovat stru\u010dn\u011b logick\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry z dostupn\u00fdch informac\u00ed. Bude se jednat o soukrom\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry a n\u00e1zory vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z dostupn\u00fdch informac\u00ed. R\u00e1d si p\u0159e\u010dtu p\u0159\u00edpadnou reakci \u010di kritiku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je diskuse na toto t\u00e9ma pot\u0159ebn\u00e1. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed si p\u0159e\u010detli m\u00e9 post\u0159ehy, mi doporu\u010duj\u00ed vyvarovat se politickoekonomick\u00fdch \u00favah a v\u011bnovat se jen fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm hodnocen\u00edm. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee v\u0161e kolem Green Dealu je zejm\u00e9na politick\u00fd postoj, nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 se \u00fapln\u011b vyhnout politick\u00fdm koment\u00e1\u0159\u016fm. Autocenzura by br\u00e1nila hled\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010din i mo\u017en\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161echny \u00fadaje \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 i faktick\u00e9, kter\u00e9 budu uv\u00e1d\u011bt, jsem \u010derpal z v\u00edce b\u011b\u017en\u011b dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Jeliko\u017e se \u00fadaje \u010dasto li\u0161\u00ed, budu uv\u00e1d\u011bt n\u011bkdy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 a zaokrouhlen\u00e9 hodnoty z\u00edskan\u00e9 z v\u00edce zdroj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky rozhodn\u011b nebudou v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi pracemi a zpravidla nebudu uv\u00e1d\u011bt zdroje, ze kter\u00fdch jsem \u010derpal. Vzhledem k \u0161\u00ed\u0159i problematiky a mno\u017estv\u00ed zdroj\u016f by jejich podrobn\u00fd v\u00fd\u010det n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b p\u0159es\u00e1hl rozsah vlastn\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku. P\u0159i pochybnostech si \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 m\u016f\u017ee pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 \u00fadaje zkusit naj\u00edt s\u00e1m. Dozv\u00ed se z vlastn\u00edho p\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch informac\u00ed a podrobnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 j\u00e1 neuv\u00e1d\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky se budou zab\u00fdvat t\u0159emi okruhy.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1) <a href=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/reflections-on-the-problem-of-global-warming\/\">Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed Teorie o Glob\u00e1ln\u00edm Oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a Vlivu CO2<\/a><\/strong><br>Nejprve se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edm na sou\u010dasnou uzn\u00e1vanou teorii vlivu CO2 na sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt a glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2) <a href=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/powerful-heat-engines-history-present-energy-sources\/\">V\u00fdkonn\u00e9 Tepeln\u00e9 stroje, Historie a Sou\u010dasnot Energetick\u00fdch Zdroj\u016f<\/a><\/strong><br>Ve sv\u00fdch \u00favah\u00e1ch se d\u00e1le pokus\u00edm vysv\u011btlit sv\u016fj pohled na problematiku sou\u010dasn\u00e9 energetiky. To dnes pova\u017euji za kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro n\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivot.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3) <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/renewable-energy-sources-impact-on-global-warming\/\">Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie a jejich vliv na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><br>Pokus\u00edm se o dod\u00e1n\u00ed podrobnost\u00ed o \u00fa\u010dinnosti nov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie a jejich vliv na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pokus\u00edm se srovnat elektropohon s pohonem spalovac\u00edm motorem z pohledu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed planety a ekonomiky provozu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1) Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 teorie glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a vliv CO2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 je spr\u00e1vn\u011b definovat, jak\u00e1 je hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina probl\u00e9mu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed. Bez spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 diagnostiky probl\u00e9mu nelze naj\u00edt mo\u017en\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Jsem si v\u011bdom, \u017ee existuje cel\u00e1 \u0159ada vliv\u016f a teori\u00ed, o kter\u00fdch ji\u017e bylo naps\u00e1no mnoho. Vliv r\u016fzn\u00e9 intenzity z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed slunce, vliv geoterm\u00e1ln\u00edho tepla a \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch. Tyto vlivy asi nem\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ovlivnit. Odborn\u00edci varuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na p\u0159ed zm\u011bnami, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje \u010dlov\u011bk svou \u010dinnost\u00ed ve 20. a 21. stolet\u00ed. Pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee se lid\u00e9 na <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Climate_change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zm\u011bn\u00e1ch klimatu<\/a> n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem pod\u00edl\u00ed, je pom\u011brn\u011b vysok\u00e1. Problematika vlivu sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu je pom\u011brn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00e1. Vliv plyn\u016f v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e, vliv rozd\u00edln\u00e9 a m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se odrazivosti povrchu atmosf\u00e9ry a povrchu zem\u011b, a \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch vliv\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b je za hlavn\u00edho vin\u00edka oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed ozna\u010den plyn CO2 a vedlej\u0161\u00edmi vin\u00edky dal\u0161\u00ed plyny jako metan a v men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e pak prach, aerosoly a dal\u0161\u00ed. Zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed pr\u00fd vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt atmosf\u00e9ry. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee zvy\u0161uj\u00ed absorpci energie slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Podrobnosti absorpce r\u016fzn\u00fdch spekter z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed r\u016f\u017en\u00fdmi plyny jsou velmi obs\u00e1hl\u00e9 a dle zdroj\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed i podrobnosti vysv\u011btlen\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu. CO2 pr\u00fd absorbuje infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed ze Slunce i to, kter\u00e9 vyza\u0159uje Zem\u011b do vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Teorie glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivem sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, zejm\u00e9na CO2, pracuje se z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informac\u00ed, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed obsahu CO2 o 10ppm (parts per million) zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brnou teplotu na Zemi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 0,1\u00b0C a to je pr\u00fd vypo\u010dten\u00e1, v\u011bdecky prok\u00e1zan\u00e1 skute\u010dnost. Ostatn\u00ed vlivy pova\u017euje tato teorie za margin\u00e1ln\u00ed a nepracuje s nimi. Principy sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu a vlivu CO2 jako prvn\u00ed formuloval v roce 1859 John Tyndall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako d\u016fkaz spr\u00e1vnosti t\u00e9to teorie jej\u00ed zast\u00e1nci uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed srovn\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti vzr\u016fstu obsahu CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e se vzr\u016fstem pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teploty na Zemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento d\u016fkaz m\u011b osobn\u011b p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nep\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil. Mohu krom jin\u00e9ho d\u00e1t do souvislosti r\u016fstu pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teploty a r\u016fstu obsahu CO2 tak\u00e9 vzr\u016fst energie, kterou lidstvo uvol\u0148uje svou \u010dinnost\u00ed a to souvis\u00ed tak\u00e9 se zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm po\u010dtu lid\u00ed na planet\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvodem m\u00fdch pochybnost\u00ed je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee si dob\u0159e vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m na 70. l\u00e9ta 20. stolet\u00ed a v\u011bdeck\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee lidstvo vyvol\u00e1 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ochlazen\u00ed d\u00edky smogu, kter\u00fd nepropou\u0161t\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed paprsky k zemi. Moc nech\u00e1pu, pro\u010d to v\u011bdci tvrdili, kdy\u017e byl ji\u017e v roce 1859 formulov\u00e1n sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt a vliv CO2. D\u016fv\u011bru ve v\u011bdeck\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed podlamuj\u00ed i ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 teorie o budoucnosti vesm\u00edru. Nejprve v\u011bdci tvrdili, \u017ee vesm\u00edr se p\u0159estane rozp\u00ednat a za\u010dne se smr\u0161\u0165ovat, a\u017e se zhrout\u00ed do jednoho bodu a zopakuje se velk\u00fd t\u0159esk. Pak tuto teorii obr\u00e1tili a tvrdili, \u017ee se rozp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru nezastav\u00ed, a nakonec v\u0161e vychladne a pohasne. Dnes ti moud\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed, \u017ee vlastn\u011b nev\u00ed, jak\u00fd v\u00fdvoj vesm\u00edr \u010dek\u00e1, nerozum\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b vliv\u016f, temn\u00e9 hmot\u011b apod. Tyto teorie uv\u00e1d\u00edm proto, abychom byli obez\u0159etn\u00ed k v\u011bdeck\u00fdm teori\u00edm a dogmat\u016fm, kter\u00e9 se s \u010dasem \u010dasto m\u011bn\u00ed. Proto bychom m\u011bli p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let nad sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi teoriemi a podrobovat je kritice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e9 pochybnosti k teorii vlivu CO2 na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplen\u00ed jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a) Velmi mal\u00fd pod\u00edl mno\u017estv\u00ed tohoto plynu v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>b) Opomenut\u00ed vlivu vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry na sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt, respektive opom\u00edjen\u00ed vlivu lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti na obsah vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>c) Opom\u00edjen\u00ed vlivu popula\u010dn\u00ed exploze, kter\u00e9mu \u010del\u00edme.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d) P\u016fvod sou\u010dasn\u00e9 teorie, financov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to teorie a ekonomick\u00fd vliv na obyvatelstvo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">a) Velmi mal\u00fd pod\u00edl mno\u017estv\u00ed tohoto plynu v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti je to, \u017ee m\u00e1lokdo m\u00e1 p\u0159edstavu o tom, kolik toho CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e vlastn\u011b je. Nikdo z osloven\u00fdch mi nedal spr\u00e1vnou odpov\u011b\u010f. Jeden m\u016fj kolega prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee je ho velmi m\u00e1lo a \u017ee ho nen\u00ed v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e ani jedno procento. Ten byl pravd\u011b nejbl\u00ed\u017ee. Kdyby \u0159ekl, \u017ee to nen\u00ed ani jedno promile, dala by se jeho odpov\u011b\u010f pova\u017eovat za spr\u00e1vnou. Takto se m\u00fdlil jen o jeden \u0159\u00e1d, a i tak svou p\u0159esnost\u00ed zdaleka vy\u010dn\u00edval mezi dal\u0161\u00edmi osloven\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tohoto plynu je v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e stopov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed 0,00038 a\u017e 0,0004 pod\u00edlu mno\u017estv\u00ed molekul z celkov\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed molekul vzduchu. Kolem roku 1900 to pr\u00fd byl pod\u00edl 0,0003. Vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno v procentech je dnes obsah CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,04%. Jsou to tedy \u010dty\u0159i setiny procenta nebo \u010dty\u0159i desetiny promile. Klima-odborn\u00edci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jednotky ppm (parts per million), kter\u00e9 laik\u016fm pon\u011bkud zatem\u0148uj\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fd pod\u00edl CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Jedn\u00e1 se o po\u010det molekul dan\u00e9ho plynu v 1 milionu molekul vzduchu. Informace, \u017ee obsah CO2 stoupl za v\u00edce jak 100 let z 300 ppm, na 380 a\u017e 400 ppm vypad\u00e1 hroziv\u011b. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jeho mno\u017estv\u00ed stouplo relativn\u011b asi o 30%. Jeliko\u017e jeho mno\u017estv\u00ed je ale v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e stopov\u00e9, absolutn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstek mno\u017estv\u00ed CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e je +0,01%.&nbsp;<strong>Slovy lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pod\u00edl CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e stoupl za 100 let o jednu desetinu promile.<\/strong>&nbsp;I laik ch\u00e1pe, \u017ee to nen\u00ed mnoho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina plynu CO2, kter\u00e1 se b\u011bhem roku dostane do atmosf\u00e9ry, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f. Co se t\u00fd\u010de ro\u010dn\u00edho kolob\u011bhu CO2 v zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e m\u00e1 tento \u00fadaj celou \u0159adu informa\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f. Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 odhady a \u00fadaje, kter\u00e9 se ale velmi li\u0161\u00ed. Celkov\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed CO2, kter\u00e9 se vym\u011bn\u00ed mezi atmosf\u00e9rou a biosf\u00e9rou spole\u010dn\u011b s hydrosf\u00e9rou, se dle dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f pohybuje okolo 220 Gt. Lidskou \u010dinnost\u00ed je v tom obsa\u017eeno dle odhad\u016f 10 a\u017e 36 Gt. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee lidsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost se pod\u00edl\u00ed na celkov\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 emisi CO2 do atmosf\u00e9ry orienta\u010dn\u011b asi 15%. Evropa se pod\u00edl\u00ed na emis\u00edch zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch lidskou \u010dinnost\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jednou desetinou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lidsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost v Evrop\u011b se tedy pod\u00edl\u00ed na celkov\u00e9m ro\u010dn\u00edm kolob\u011bhu CO2, kter\u00fd se dostane do atmosf\u00e9ry, asi 1,5%.<\/strong> Z pohledu Evropana nen\u00ed tedy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00e1 mo\u017enost v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnit kolob\u011bh CO2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">b) Ignoring the influence of water vapor on the greenhouse effect<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt je jev, d\u00edky kter\u00e9mu existuje \u017eivot na Zemi, proto\u017ee bez jeho vlivu by zamrzly oce\u00e1ny a \u017eivot by zde nebyl mo\u017en\u00fd. Za sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt vd\u011b\u010d\u00edme zejm\u00e9na vodn\u00ed p\u00e1\u0159e a v men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e dal\u0161\u00edm sklen\u00edkov\u00fdm plyn\u016fm, ke kter\u00fdm pat\u0159\u00ed i kysli\u010dn\u00edk uhli\u010dit\u00fd (CO2). Plyn CO2 je 1,5x t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzduch a vyskytuje se v doln\u00ed vrstv\u011b atmosf\u00e9ry. Jeho koncentrace je zna\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu a dal\u0161\u00edch vlivech. Je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159it jeho pr\u016fm\u011brnou koncentraci. Je to plyn nutn\u00fd k fotosynt\u00e9ze a je na n\u011bm z\u00e1visl\u00fd \u017eivot na planet\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je informace, \u017ee za sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 z 60 a\u017e 70% vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ra, kter\u00e9 je v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e v pr\u016fm\u011bru okolo 2%. To je asi 50x v\u00edce ne\u017e CO2. Jej\u00ed obsah ale dle klimatick\u00fdch aktivist\u016f nem\u016f\u017eeme ovliv\u0148ovat, proto\u017ee jej\u00ed obsah v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e je d\u00e1n teplotou atmosf\u00e9ry. Oteplen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsob\u00ed CO2 se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed teplota atmosf\u00e9ry, a to m\u00e1 pak za n\u00e1sledek zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed obsahu vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tady se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee se nach\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed chyba teorie vlivu sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed. Obsah vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru ovliv\u0148uje lidsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost zcela z\u00e1sadn\u011b. T\u00edm tak\u00e9 z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt zp\u016fsoben\u00fd vodn\u00ed p\u00e1rou, kter\u00fd d\u00edky v\u00fdznamu a mno\u017estv\u00ed vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zcela p\u0159eva\u017euje nad ostatn\u00edmi vlivy sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Touto problematikou se dle dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f paradoxn\u011b nikdo v\u011bdecky nezab\u00fdv\u00e1. Samotn\u00e1 existence lidsk\u00e9 civilizace a ve\u0161ker\u00e1 jej\u00ed \u010dinnost je spojena s emis\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 energie do atmosf\u00e9ry, co\u017e p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u00e1ry v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">c) Ignoring the influence of the population explosion we are facing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Klima aktivist\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee obsah CO2 stoupl za 100 let p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 30%. To m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pravda, ale jak jsme ji\u017e uvedli, jedn\u00e1 se o re\u00e1ln\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pod\u00edlu CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e z 0,0003 na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,0004. To odpov\u00edd\u00e1 absolutn\u00edmu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pod\u00edlu CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e o jednu desetinu promile. Po\u010det lid\u00ed se od roku 1900 zv\u00fd\u0161il z1,6 miliardy na 8 miliard. To je p\u011btin\u00e1sobek. P\u0159\u00edr\u016fstek tedy +400%. Lidsk\u00e1 existence je spojena s uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm energie. Jen t\u011blesn\u00e1 energie vyz\u00e1\u0159en\u00e1 t\u011bmi miliardami lid\u00ed nav\u00edc p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdkon asi 400 jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren Temel\u00edn b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edm v pln\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu. A to je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jen naprost\u00fd zlomek energie, kterou civilizace uvol\u0148uje. P\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1m nap\u0159\u00edklad satelitn\u00ed obr\u00e1zek Severoamerick\u00e9ho kontinentu v noci. Jsou vid\u011bt sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bsta, kde lid\u00e9 top\u00ed, sv\u00edt\u00ed, jezd\u00ed automobily. I v noci generujeme teplo a to i bez vlivu slunce. Tento oh\u0159ev tak\u00e9 zvy\u0161uje obsah vodn\u00edch par v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e a ten zvy\u0161uje sklen\u00edkov\u00fd efekt p\u0159i osvitu sluncem. Podle m\u011b nen\u00ed ani zanedbateln\u00e9 zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teploty atmosf\u00e9ry pouhou lidskou existenc\u00ed a \u010dinnost\u00ed i bez vlivu slunce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/North-American-continent-at-night-1000x664-1.webp\" alt=\"Public lights contribute to Global Warming \" style=\"width:700px\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nyn\u00ed trochu podrobn\u011bji k v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 kritice. Chybu sou\u010dasn\u00e9 teorie glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivem p\u016fsoben\u00ed CO2 vid\u00edm tak\u00e9 v tom, \u017ee vliv na klima p\u0159i\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 vlastn\u011b v\u00fdhradn\u011b slune\u010dn\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Pracuje s t\u00edm, \u017ee takzvan\u00e9 sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny zadr\u017euj\u00ed na zemi v\u00edce energie, a proto stoup\u00e1 teplota v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Tato teorie zcela opom\u00edj\u00ed vliv energie, kterou lidstvo svou \u010dinnost\u00ed, modern\u00edm \u017eivotem i prostou existenc\u00ed uvol\u0148uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 teorie sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu dokazuje svou pravdu t\u00edm, \u017ee d\u00e1v\u00e1 do souvislosti vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed obsah sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f a zejm\u00e9na CO2 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e se vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed teplotou atmosf\u00e9ry. Zcela opom\u00edj\u00ed, \u017ee vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed obsah CO2 je ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo z\u00e1visl\u00fd na uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed energie v tepeln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch na zemi, a to je z\u00e1rove\u0148 sv\u00e1zan\u00e9 s po\u010dtem lid\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch na zemi. Pokud chci zkoumat n\u011bjakou tepelnou soustavu, mus\u00edm br\u00e1t v \u00favahu teplo, kter\u00e9 do t\u00e9to soustavy dod\u00e1v\u00e1m i odeb\u00edr\u00e1m.&nbsp;<strong>Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 teorie sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu a glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed zcela ignoruje uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed energie v elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, motorech, topeni\u0161t\u00edch a pracuje jen se \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi emisemi plyn\u016f.<\/strong>&nbsp;Nakonec i v\u0161echna elektrick\u00e1 energie, kterou v t\u011bchto zdroj\u00edch vyrob\u00edme, se p\u0159i spot\u0159eb\u011b zm\u011bn\u00ed cel\u00e1 v tepelnou energii, kter\u00e1 oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ru. Pokud si uv\u011bdom\u00edme tuto skute\u010dnost, pochop\u00edme, \u017ee ani jadern\u00e1 energetika nem\u016f\u017ee vy\u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jadern\u00e1 energie, stejn\u011b jako fosiln\u00ed paliva, uvol\u0148uje energii, kter\u00e1 je miliony i miliardy let ulo\u017een\u00e1 v hmot\u011b.  Dopust\u00edm se nyn\u00ed trochu absurdn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkladu ale jen na prvn\u00ed pohled. Vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 t\u011bleso Slunce nem\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ru, nem\u00e1 sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny a ve\u0161ker\u00e1 energie, kter\u00e1 v n\u011bm vznik\u00e1 je ekologick\u00e1 termojadern\u00e1 f\u00faze. P\u0159es to nen\u00ed teplota na jeho povrchu pro \u017eivot p\u0159\u00edhodn\u00e1. Termojadern\u00e9 reaktory budou mal\u00e1 slunce na Zemi. To tu teplotu atmosf\u00e9ry ur\u010dit\u011b nesn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Nelze si nev\u0161imnout vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed z chlad\u00edc\u00edch v\u011b\u017e\u00ed jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Osobn\u011b si tedy mysl\u00edm, \u017ee emise energie produkovan\u00e9 lidskou civilizac\u00ed je nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou sou\u010dasn\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Mohu se m\u00fdlit. Mohou m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl na oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed i vlivy na lidstvu nez\u00e1visl\u00e9. Stru\u010dn\u00e9 zhodnocen\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00edch informac\u00ed a \u00favah je, \u017ee p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed je zna\u010dn\u00fd r\u016fst lidsk\u00e9 populace na Zemi. Je to celkem jednoduch\u00e1 p\u0159edstava. Je n\u00e1s na dvoul\u016f\u017ekov\u00e9m pokoji 10 host\u016f, topen\u00ed nelze ztlumit a okna nelze otev\u0159\u00edt\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">d) P\u016fvod sou\u010dasn\u00e9 teorie, financov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to teorie a ekonomick\u00fd vliv na obyvatelstvo.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dovol\u00edm si trochu odbo\u010dit od fyziky k politice. Klima aktivist\u00e9 sami uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee na teorii glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a vlivu CO2 se p\u0159i\u0161lo p\u0159i b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b zad\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch poji\u0161\u0165oven a bank, kter\u00e9 pr\u00fd cht\u011bly zjistit rizika udr\u017eitelnosti sv\u00fdch zisk\u016f a investic. M\u016f\u017eeme se domn\u00edvat, \u017ee zad\u00e1n\u00ed mohlo zn\u00edt tak\u00e9 n\u00e1sledovn\u011b. Vymyslete teorii, kter\u00e1 vyvol\u00e1 zd\u011b\u0161en\u00ed, v\u00fd\u010ditky za osud planety, povede k zadlu\u017een\u00ed obyvatel i st\u00e1t\u016f a n\u00e1m p\u0159inese dal\u0161\u00ed zisky. To je ode m\u011b samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nem\u00edstn\u00e1 konspirace. To by n\u00e1m \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd bank\u00e9\u0159 ani politik jist\u011b neud\u011blal. V\u017edy je dobr\u00e9 sledovat cestu pen\u011bz, pokud se chci dop\u00e1trat, kdo co financuje a dop\u00eddit se toho pro\u010d to d\u011bl\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed nepodlo\u017een\u00e1 politickoekonomick\u00e1 \u00favaha se t\u00fdk\u00e1 toho, \u017ee vlastn\u011b nikoho neznepokojuje r\u016fst populace a nikdo ned\u00e1v\u00e1 oteplen\u00ed do souvislosti s po\u010dtem lid\u00ed na zemi. Naopak \u010dasto sly\u0161\u00edm, \u017ee tato zem\u011b u\u017eiv\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik miliard lid\u00ed. V\u017edy\u0165 jen za dobu m\u00e9ho \u017eivota se od roku 1964 po\u010det lid\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161il 2,45x co\u017e je n\u00e1r\u016fst o +145%.  Pokud bych pou\u017eil dal\u0161\u00ed svou nem\u00edstnou konspiraci, mohl bych to mo\u017en\u00e1 objasnit. Vid\u00edm souvislost mezi tiskem pen\u011bz, ekonomick\u00fdm r\u016fstem a po\u010dtem lid\u00ed. Dalo by se to vysv\u011btlit tak, \u017ee pokud m\u00e1m m\u00edt mo\u017enost beztrestn\u011b st\u00e1le tisknout pen\u00edze, mus\u00ed objem ekonomiky st\u00e1le r\u016fst, k \u010demu\u017e je dobr\u00e9, kdy\u017e lid\u00ed st\u00e1le p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1. Takov\u00e1 jist\u00e1 hra letadlo. B\u011bda ale, kdy\u017e se ty r\u016fsty zastav\u00ed a tisk pen\u011bz pokra\u010duje \u010di zrychluje. V\u00fdsledkem b\u00fdv\u00e1 hyperinflace a sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka. To historie potvrzuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00edm bych uzav\u0159el tuto trochu kontroverzn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku. Mohu se ve sv\u00fdch politickoekonomick\u00fdch \u00favah\u00e1ch m\u00fdlit. M\u00fdliti se je lidsk\u00e9. Pro tyto n\u00e1zory ale vid\u00edm opodstatn\u011bn\u00ed a c\u00edt\u00edm pot\u0159ebu zve\u0159ejnit je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nyn\u00ed p\u0159ipravuji dal\u0161\u00ed pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se bude t\u00fdkat&nbsp;<strong>2) Historie a sou\u010dasnost energetick\u00fdch zdroj\u016f<\/strong>Ve sv\u00fdch \u00favah\u00e1ch se d\u00e1le pokus\u00edm vysv\u011btlit sv\u016fj pohled na problematiku sou\u010dasn\u00e9 energetiky. To dnes pova\u017euji za kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro n\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivot. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>July 21, 2024 V\u00e1clav Knob<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Many of us are currently following everything related to the theory of global warming, the influence of CO2 gas, electromobility, zero-emission energy, and other related issues. Many feel that some assertions and their logical reasoning are somewhat lame. I work in the engineering industry, and I am not a climate expert. However, I successfully [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1977,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1471","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knobgear-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1471"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1471\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1977"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1471"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1471"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}