{"id":2924,"date":"2024-11-21T13:41:53","date_gmt":"2024-11-21T13:41:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/?p=2924"},"modified":"2024-11-29T14:54:42","modified_gmt":"2024-11-29T14:54:42","slug":"renewable-energy-sources-impact-on-global-warming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/renewable-energy-sources-impact-on-global-warming\/","title":{"rendered":"Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie a jejich vliv na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je posledn\u00edm z m\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nku o glob\u00e1ln\u00edm oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1) <a href=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/reflections-on-the-problem-of-global-warming\/\">Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed Teorie o Glob\u00e1ln\u00edm Oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a Vlivu CO2<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2) <a href=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/powerful-heat-engines-history-present-energy-sources\/\">V\u00fdkonn\u00e9 Tepeln\u00e9 stroje, Historie a Sou\u010dasnot Energetick\u00fdch Zdroj\u016f<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3) <a href=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/renewable-energy-sources-impact-on-global-warming\/\">Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie a jejich vliv na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve t\u0159et\u00edm a posledn\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku z voln\u011b navazuj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00e9rie zab\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed se teori\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed se pokus\u00edm stru\u010dn\u011b popsat vliv obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie a v\u00fdznam p\u0159echodu ze spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f na elektromobilitu. Z\u00e1v\u011brem stru\u010dn\u011b shrnu v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 vy\u0159\u010den\u00e9 my\u0161lenky a specificky pohled sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho Evropana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"685\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/renewable-energy.jpg\" alt=\"Types of renewable energy sources\" class=\"wp-image-2932\" style=\"object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/renewable-energy.jpg 685w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/renewable-energy-300x236.jpg 300w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/renewable-energy-15x12.jpg 15w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 685px) 100vw, 685px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Typy obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energine <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Renewable_energy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mezi obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie lze pova\u017eovat vodn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 civilizace, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud by m\u011bla je\u0161t\u011b r\u016fst, si s t\u011bmito zdroji ale zcela jist\u011b nevysta\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-Mount_Komekura_Photovoltaic_power_plant_Jan2012.jpg\" alt=\"Solar Energy farm\" class=\"wp-image-2925\" style=\"object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-Mount_Komekura_Photovoltaic_power_plant_Jan2012.jpg 960w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-Mount_Komekura_Photovoltaic_power_plant_Jan2012-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-Mount_Komekura_Photovoltaic_power_plant_Jan2012-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-Mount_Komekura_Photovoltaic_power_plant_Jan2012-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">By Sakaori &#8211; Own work, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=18168398\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Co se t\u00fd\u010de sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie, je to modern\u00ed zdroj, i kdy\u017e nen\u00ed zcela bez vlivu na oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed planety. Fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b lze dosud p\u0159em\u011bnit maxim\u00e1ln\u011b okolo 35 % slune\u010dn\u00ed energie na elektrickou. Re\u00e1ln\u011b je to asi 20 %, s t\u00edm, \u017ee b\u011bhem \u017eivotnosti sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f \u00fa\u010dinnost je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b kles\u00e1 a\u017e na polovinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vliv panelu na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aby panely zachycovaly co nejv\u00edce slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed jsou pokryt\u00e9 antireflexn\u00ed vrstvou, kter\u00e1 br\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dokonale jeho odrazu. Jejich odrazivost (<a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albedo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Albedo<\/a>) je asi 2 %. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee 98 % energie z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed panel absorbuje.  Asi p\u011btina energie se p\u0159em\u011bn\u00ed na elektrickou energii zbytek, tj. p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4 p\u011btiny! (80 %) se m\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo v teplo, kter\u00e9 oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 i atmosf\u00e9ru. Pokud vezmeme v \u00favahu b\u011b\u017enou odrazivost povrchu, kter\u00fd panel zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 \u2014 jako je nap\u0159. travn\u00ed vegetace s pr\u016fm\u011brnou odrazivost\u00ed okolo 30 %, je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee se sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely pod\u00edl\u00ed t\u00e9\u017e na oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry. Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panel absorbuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 28 % v\u00edce energie, ne\u017e by absorboval povrch, kter\u00fd zakr\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odpadn\u00edho tepla vznik\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e elektrick\u00e9 energie vyroben\u00e9 v sol\u00e1rn\u00edm panelu. V\u00fdroba elektrick\u00e9 energie v sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panelech otepluje atmosf\u00e9ru obdobn\u011b nebo i v\u00edce ne\u017e tepeln\u00e1 nebo jadern\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna. Nav\u00edc v\u00fdroba panel\u016f je energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a \u017eivotnost pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e1. B\u011bhem \u017eivotnosti panel\u016f kles\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u011b jejich \u00fa\u010dinnost a to d\u00e1le zhor\u0161uje tepelnou bilanci v\u00fdroby sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 energie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u016f\u017eeme tedy opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b hovo\u0159it o \u201esklen\u00edkov\u00e9m efektu\u201c zp\u016fsoben\u00e9m sol\u00e1rn\u00edmi panely. Jist\u011b je to technologie, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 p\u0159ed sebou velk\u00fd rozvoj, ale m\u00e1 i \u0159adu omezen\u00ed a negativ, o kter\u00fdch se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemluv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u011btrn\u00e1 a vodn\u00ed energie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"588\" height=\"245\" src=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/El-v-01_ubt.jpeg\" alt=\"Wind Energy farm\" class=\"wp-image-2926\" style=\"object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/El-v-01_ubt.jpeg 588w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/El-v-01_ubt-300x125.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/El-v-01_ubt-18x8.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 588px) 100vw, 588px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">By Tomasz Sienicki &#8211; Own work, <a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC BY-<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SA <\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3.0<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=6094882\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jako \u201e\u010dist\u00e1\u201c tedy s minimem odpadn\u00edho tepla se d\u00e1 uva\u017eovat energie vyroben\u00e1 ve v\u011btrn\u00fdch a vodn\u00edch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch. Pro tyto bohu\u017eel nejsou v \u0159ad\u011b m\u00edst sv\u011bta vhodn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed podm\u00ednky a nav\u00edc, t\u00fdk\u00e1 se zejm\u00e9na v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, je t\u011b\u017eko regulovateln\u00fd v\u00fdkon. V modern\u00ed historii EU jsme byli ji\u017e n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t na pokraji blackoutu, kdy\u017e v D\u00e1nsku a severn\u00edm N\u011bmecku v\u00fdznamn\u011b foukalo a p\u0159enosov\u00e1 soustava nesta\u010dila vyroben\u00fd proud p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et. Opa\u010dn\u00e9 extr\u00e9my, kdy je naopak nedostatek proudu, ale odb\u011br je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, jsou na denn\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1dku. V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech se velmi hod\u00ed, \u017ee nap\u0159. v \u010cR nebo \u0160v\u00e9dsku st\u00e1le b\u011b\u017e\u00ed uheln\u00e9 a plynov\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny, kter\u00e9 jsou dob\u0159e regulovateln\u00e9 a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed ob\u011b \u0161pi\u010dky efektivn\u011b vykr\u00fdvat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tolik stru\u010dn\u011b k alternativn\u00edm zdroj\u016fm tzv. \u010dist\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 energie. Nyn\u00ed se pokus\u00edm trochu posoudit elektropohon automobilu, co\u017e je dnes na\u0161e evropsk\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, a porovnat ho s pohonem spalovac\u00edm motorem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Elektromobilita a srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se spalovac\u00edm motorem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-BMW_i3_19939421151.jpg\" alt=\"BMW i3\" class=\"wp-image-2929\" style=\"object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-BMW_i3_19939421151.jpg 960w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-BMW_i3_19939421151-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-BMW_i3_19939421151-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/knobgear.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/960px-BMW_i3_19939421151-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">By Riley from Christchurch, New Zealand &#8211; BMW <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/nzcarfreak\/19939421151\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">i3.<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 2.0<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=46873674\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moje hodnocen\u00ed bude vych\u00e1zet z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv na oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed Zem\u011b m\u00e1 emise tepeln\u00e9 energie. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee budu posuzovat pohony s ohledem na to, kolik energie se uvoln\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm automobilu se spalovac\u00edm motorem nebo elektrick\u00fdm pohonem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokus\u00edm se nejprve popsat \u00fa\u010dinnost elektropohonu. V prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b si mus\u00edme uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee elektrick\u00e1 energie je energie transformovan\u00e1 z jin\u00fdch typ\u016f energie. V\u00fdroba elektrick\u00e9 energie je spojen\u00e1 s emis\u00ed ztr\u00e1tov\u00e9ho tepla v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tepeln\u00fdch a jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdroby v sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panelech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b elektrick\u00e9 energie v t\u011bchto zdroj\u00edch je \u00fa\u010dinnost p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,4 (40 %). Jeliko\u017e je pod\u00edl vodn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie zpravidla do 35 procent v energetick\u00e9m mixu, mohu prohl\u00e1sit, \u017ee pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost v\u00fdroby elektrick\u00e9 energie z hlediska emise odpadn\u00edho tepla je okolo 0,6 (60 %).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro p\u0159\u00edklad: v \u010cR je pod\u00edl v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie okolo 1 % a vodn\u00ed energie 3,5 %. V EU je pr\u016fm\u011br v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie 19 % a vodn\u00ed energie 17 %. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b zem\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b je tento pod\u00edl mnohem men\u0161\u00ed. Jsou ale v\u00fdjimky, kdy je tento pod\u00edl v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. V posouzen\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti elektropohonu se jedn\u00e1 jen o jednu z \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed a tak jej\u00ed p\u0159esnost nem\u00e1 na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdsledek z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00da\u010dinnost p\u0159enosov\u00e9 soustavy od zdroje k nab\u00edje\u010dce je okolo 0,9 (90 %). \u00da\u010dinnost nab\u00edjen\u00ed akumul\u00e1tor\u016f je 0,84 (84 %). \u00da\u010dinnost automobilov\u00e9ho elektromotoru je okolo 0,85 (85 %). Velk\u00e9 t\u00e9ma je rekuperace p\u0159i provozu elektromobilu. Je to samostatn\u00e9 t\u00e9ma na rozs\u00e1hlou studii. Faktem je, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dinnost zp\u011btn\u00e9ho z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed energie do bateri\u00ed je okolo 50 % procent. Elektromobil je v\u00fdrazn\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u201eklasick\u00fd\u201c automobil a rekuperovan\u00e1 energie je orienta\u010dn\u011b shodn\u00e1 se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdmi ztr\u00e1tami elektromobilu p\u0159i akceleraci a j\u00edzd\u011b do kopce. Pro m\u00e9 \u00favahy tedy vliv rekuperace zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1m. Je\u0161t\u011b jsou tu jist\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty vyb\u00edjen\u00edm akumul\u00e1tor\u016f. Ty pro objektivitu tak\u00e9 zanedb\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost elektropohonu<\/strong> z hlediska emise odpadn\u00edho tepla do atmosf\u00e9ry je tedy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b sou\u010din d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed a to je 0,6x0,9x0,84x0,85 = 0,39 (39 %).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost elektropohonu je tedy okolo 40 %. To nen\u00ed hodnota nijak z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00e1. \u00da\u010dinnost soudob\u00e9ho modern\u00edho spalovac\u00edho motoru dosahuje 30 a\u017e 45 %. Nap\u0159. u velk\u00fdch lodn\u00edch spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f je \u00fa\u010dinnost dokonce i vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 50 %. Jde tedy de facto o srovnatelnou \u00fa\u010dinnost, jak\u00e9 dosahuj\u00ed modern\u00ed spalovac\u00ed motory, na kter\u00e9 je ji\u017e p\u0159ipravena ve\u0161ker\u00e1 infrastruktura a pr\u016fmysl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nebudu zde uv\u00e1d\u011bt zn\u00e1m\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 probl\u00e9my p\u0159echodu na tzv. \u010distou elektromobilitu, ani se nebudu sna\u017eit n\u011bjak vy\u010d\u00edslit energetickou a ekologickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b elektromobilu a likvidaci akumul\u00e1tor\u016f. V\u00fdsledn\u00fd rozd\u00edl v tepeln\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei v celosv\u011btov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku je mezi klasick\u00fdmi automobily a elektromobily zanedbateln\u00fd. A to tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee osobn\u00ed automobilov\u00e1 doprava tvo\u0159\u00ed jen pom\u011brn\u011b malou slo\u017eku lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, p\u0159esto\u017ee se n\u00e1s politick\u00e9 a ekologick\u00e9 organizace sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit o opaku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Obnoviteln\u00e9 nebo tepeln\u00e9 zdroje?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ned\u00e1 se o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee by obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie mohly zcela nahradit tepeln\u00e9 zdroje v\u010d. jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. Nelze tak\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee by zcela tepeln\u011b nezat\u011b\u017eovaly atmosf\u00e9ru. I v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nez\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho optimismu nelze o\u010dek\u00e1vat v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch desetilet\u00edch v celosv\u011btov\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru pod\u00edl t\u011bchto nov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie nad 50 % spot\u0159eby energie. Realita ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b zem\u00ed bude ov\u0161em mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu probl\u00e9my s kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdkonu t\u011bchto zdroj\u016f v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u010das\u00ed. Je tedy jist\u00e9, \u017ee bude st\u00e1le existovat mix energi\u00ed. V tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by d\u00e1valo smysl stabiln\u00ed spot\u0159ebi\u010de v dosahu elektrick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b nap\u00e1jet elekt\u0159inou a mobiln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed poh\u00e1n\u011bt plynem nebo jin\u00fdmi palivy, kter\u00e9 lze snadno skladovat. Lze se t\u00edm vyhnout skladov\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 energie a t\u00edm ve\u0161ker\u00e9 problematice drah\u00fdch bateri\u00ed, ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m p\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed a vyb\u00edjen\u00ed, ekologick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei v\u00fdroby bateri\u00ed a jejich likvidace, investic do nov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, nab\u00edjec\u00ed infrastruktury, ekonomick\u00e9 n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti spojen\u00e9 se soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi dopady zdra\u017een\u00edm dopravy a dal\u0161\u00ed. Stru\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad: budovy vyt\u00e1p\u011bt elektricky nap\u0159\u00edklad s akumula\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem p\u0159i vyu\u017eit\u00ed no\u010dn\u00edho proudu, a automobily poh\u00e1n\u011bt nap\u0159\u00edklad plynem. Bude to v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ekonomi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e topit plynem a jezdit na elekt\u0159inu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br k tomuto i p\u0159edchoz\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016fm z t\u00e9to s\u00e9rie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zm\u011bny klimatu prob\u00edhali v historii i bez vlivu \u010dlov\u011bka a nev\u00edme jist\u011b, jak\u00e9 jsou v\u0161echny skute\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny sou\u010dasn\u00fdch zm\u011bn, a jak jsou tyto zm\u011bny z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 pro existenci lidstva. V\u0161echny informace, kter\u00e9 jsem uvedl, jsem \u010derpal z v\u00edce zdroj\u016f. Pokud jsem se dopustil nep\u0159esnosti v \u00fadaj\u00edch, omlouv\u00e1m se. Z informac\u00ed v m\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch si ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee ud\u011blat sv\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry. J\u00e1 si dovol\u00edm sd\u011blit v\u00e1m stru\u010dn\u011b sv\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sklen\u00edkov\u00fdm plynem je vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ra, to zat\u00edm nikdo nezpochyb\u0148uje, ale ani na vrcholn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 \u00farovni ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. Nen\u00ed pravda, \u017ee mno\u017estv\u00ed vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e je nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 na lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. Tak\u00e9 nen\u00ed pravda, \u017ee energie uvol\u0148ovan\u00e1 lidskou civilizac\u00ed je zanedbateln\u00e1. Na energetick\u00e9 nerovnov\u00e1ze Zem\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/langley\/joint-nasa-noaa-study-finds-earths-energy-imbalance-has-doubled\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Earth&#8217;s Energy Imbalance<\/a>, se lidsk\u00e1 civilizace pod\u00edl\u00ed 4 % nebo i v\u00edce a podstatn\u011b tedy ovliv\u0148uje mno\u017estv\u00ed vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Energie emitovan\u00e1 lidstvem m\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teploty atmosf\u00e9ry. D\u00e1le m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e a sklen\u00edkov\u00fdm efektem, kter\u00fd n\u00e1sledn\u011b vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ra zp\u016fsobuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 teorie \u0161kodlivosti CO2 je dle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru, chybn\u00e1, nev\u011bdeck\u00e1 a vznikla na objedn\u00e1vku velk\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem je zdan\u011bn\u00ed a zadlu\u017een\u00ed obyvatelstva i cel\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a p\u0159esun jejich majetku do rukou finan\u010dn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a udr\u017eitelnosti \u017eivota na Zemi je v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b popula\u010dn\u00ed exploze lidstva. Zem\u011b si ale zat\u00edm pom\u011brn\u011b snadno s energetickou nerovnov\u00e1hou porad\u00ed. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 teplota Zem\u011b m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vyza\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 energie do vesm\u00edru. Lidstvo by se m\u011blo tedy prim\u00e1rn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159it na regulaci velikosti lidsk\u00e9 populace. Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdvoj oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed jednozna\u010dn\u00fd. Pokud se nach\u00e1z\u00edme v obdob\u00ed na za\u010d\u00e1tku mal\u00e9 doby ledov\u00e9, m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1s emise energie ochr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed vra\u017eedn\u00fdm ochlazen\u00edm, ne\u00farodou a hladem. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed CO2 nav\u00edc zvy\u0161uje zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy. Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f v\u00fdvoje je jist\u011b cel\u00e1 \u0159ada. V\u011bda mo\u017en\u00e1 najde zp\u016fsoby, jak klimatick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my \u0159e\u0161it, nap\u0159\u00edklad zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm odrazivosti na\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry. Je ale t\u0159eba opatrnosti s velk\u00fdmi experimenty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je prokazateln\u00e9, \u017ee lidsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost v Evrop\u011b se na celkov\u00e9m kolob\u011bhu CO2 v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed jen maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 1 a\u017e 1,5 %. S ohledem na tuto skute\u010dnost i na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee vliv CO2 na oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed Zem\u011b je ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi vlivy diskutabiln\u00ed, je politika EU zcela nekompetentn\u00ed a sebezni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Evropsk\u00fd z\u00e1kaz spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b zcela nesmysln\u00fd. Emisn\u00ed povolenky jsou jen prost\u0159edkem k okr\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed obyvatelstva, podobn\u011b jako dal\u0161\u00ed pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 dan\u011b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">15 Listopad 2024, V\u00e1clav Knob<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ve t\u0159et\u00edm a posledn\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku z voln\u011b navazuj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00e9rie zab\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed se teori\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed se pokus\u00edm stru\u010dn\u011b popsat vliv obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie a v\u00fdznam p\u0159echodu ze spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f na elektromobilitu. Z\u00e1v\u011brem stru\u010dn\u011b shrnu v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 vy\u0159\u010den\u00e9 my\u0161lenky a specificky pohled sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho Evropana.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2932,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2924","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knobgear-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2924","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2924"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2924\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2932"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knobgear.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}